It is no secret that the sun, in moderation, provides all sorts of health benefits, including helping our bodies manufacture essential vitamin D. However, prolonged sun exposure can lead to sunburn, skin cancer, and premature aging. After twenty minutes of sun exposure to obtain Vitamin D benefits, it’s best to apply a good sunscreen while you’re outdoors.  

When choosing a sunscreen, it is important to understand there are certain chemicals in sunscreen that are hazardous to human health. This is of great concern, as research shows some of the active ingredients used in sunscreen are absorbed into the bloodstream. The chemicals in sunscreen may also linger longer in the body than expected. According to the FDA, chemical sunscreen ingredients are systemically absorbed after one application, and some ingredients can stay in the blood for at least three weeks.

Toxic ingredients of concern in chemical sunscreens include:

Oxybenzone: A suspected hormone-disrupting chemical, it is readily absorbed into the body. According to The National Toxicology Program, oxybenzone exposure has been linked to a higher risk of thyroid tumors in female rats. It is banned in Hawaii for being an environmental toxin, as it harms coral reefs.

Octinoxate: A UV filter that protects from UV-B sun rays (it doesn’t protect against UV-A rays, however). It tends to work well in sunscreen formulas because it dissolves easily in oil. Octinoxate is linked to endocrine disruption, as well as to reproductive issues. This ingredient is of concern for people, as well as the planet. Like oxybenzone, this chemical is targeted in Hawaii’s ban, as it harms coral reefs.

Homosalate: Absorbs UV light to prevent direct skin exposure. This ingredient is linked to hormone disruption. It may also enhance the absorption of pesticides, including bug sprays. This ingredient also doesn’t break down readily in the environment.

The Environmental Working Group (EWG) reports on the safety and efficacy of sunscreens. According to NWG, when it comes to choosing a sunscreen,  you should avoid those containing oxybenzone, retinyl palmitate (Vitamin A) or any added insect repellent. You should also avoid sprays, powders or any sunscreen with an SPF of above 50.

Choose mineral-based sunscreens that contain zinc oxide instead of chemical sunscreens. They are non-toxic and less likely to cause irritation. Also, unlike chemical sunscreens, they’re effective immediately upon application; they sit on the skin and act as barrier that reflects UV rays.

It is also important to choose a broad spectrum sunscreen, which will protect the skin from both UVA and UVB rays. If you’ll be swimming or sweating a lot, choose water-resistant sunscreens. These stay effective for 40 minutes in the water and should be reapplied every 40 minutes.

EWG’s Sunscreen Guide lists several EWG Verified SPF products.

DIY Natural Sunscreen

You can also easily make your own natural sunscreen. Just mix 1/2 cup coconut oil, 1/4 cup olive oil, and 1/4 aloe gel in a saucepan. Gently heat it until blended, then add 2 tablespoons non-nano zinc oxide and a few drops of your favorite essential oil, such as orange or lavender oil. Pour into a small glass jar and let cool before using.

Keep in mind you should not rely solely on sunscreen for sun protection while outdoors. Plan your time outdoors around the sun, so you don’t get burned. A beach umbrella is always a good idea to provide shade in the event you plan to be in the sun for an extended period of time.

Staying safe in the sun with the proper protection will make spending time outdoors much more enjoyable for you and your family.